The signal pathway regulated by mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels might be involved in the mechanism of brain ischemic tolerance.

Transient ischemic attack results in tolerance to a subsequent severe brain ischemic attack, which is known as brain ischemic tolerance (BIT). In other words, preconditioning intervention leads to ischemic tolerance. The preconditioning intervention methods include ischemia, oxidative stress, and drug resistance to oxidative phosphorylation. Because of safety considerations, these methods are only used in animal experiment studies, and are not for human studies. Therefore, the current researchers are trying to explore safe preconditioning methods. Our previous review indicated that treadmill training was a promising method to promote the tolerance to ischemic stroke. What is more, the underlying mechanism of exercise preconditioning was still unclear. Many intracellular signaling pathways participate in ischemic preconditioning. It was reported that exercise training before ischemia could influence the glutamic acid system and reduce brain damage after cerebral ischemia occurs. However, the upstream pathways involved in the